Has anyone looked into converting a chiappa rhino it looks like a simple conversion but I am no means an expert. Just to clarify I was looking at a  .40.

Convert it to a 10mm?

I wonder if the cylinder is long enough to do it? Would it be able to handle the higher pressures?

Yes to a 10mm. It looks like the 10mm oal should be fine due to the 357 magnum being longer and I doubt they changed the frame between them so it should be just a matter of pressure.

I should state my experience with revolvers is quite limited so I may be way off base.

Chiappa Rhino is shown in several models chambered in 40S&W; http://www.chiappafirearms.com/product/727

340.140   RHINO 60 DS GOLD   USA ONLY   40S&W   6"-15,2 cm   10"1/2-26,6 cm   6-1x16"   0,94 kg-2,06 lbs
CF340.123   RHINO 200D Black   USA ONLY   40S&W   2"-5 cm   6"1/2-16,4 cm   6-1x16"   0,7 kg-1,5 lbs
340.110   RHINO 20DS Black   ALL   40S&W   2"-5 cm   6"1/2-16,4 cm   6-1x16"   0,7 kg-1,5 lbs
340.131   RHINO 20DS Chrome   ALL   40S&W   2"-5 cm   6"1/2-16,4 cm   6-1x16"   0,7 kg-1,5 lbs
340.108   RHINO 40DS Black   ALL   40S&W   4"-10 cm   8"1/2-21,5 cm   6-1x16"   0,85 kg-1,87 lbs
340.118   RHINO 40DS Chrome   ALL   40S&W   4"-10 cm   8"1/2-21,5 cm   6-1x16"   0,85 kg-1,87 lbs
340.109   RHINO 50DS Black   ALL   40S&W   5"-12,7 cm   9"1/2-24 cm   6-1x16"   0,9 kg-1,97 lbs
340.119   RHINO 50DS Chrome   ALL   40S&W   5"-12,7 cm   9"1/2-24 cm   6-1x16"   0,9 kg-1,97 lbs
340.120   RHINO 60DS Black   ALL   40S&W   6"-15,2 cm   10"1/2-26,6 cm   6-1x16"   0,94 kg-2,06 lbs
340.121   RHINO 60DS Chrome   ALL   40S&W   6"-15,2 cm   10"1/2-26,6 cm   6-1x16"   0,94 kg-2,06 lbs

Just keep in mind they are designed to be what they are, the 40S&W pressure 35,000 PSI cartridge is not much below the 37,500 of the 10mm, however they should have some safety factor built into them.

Two things come to mind for the conversion...
1st is the cylinder long enough for the 10mm length?  So yes the chamber would have to be cut deeper to accommodate the length of the 10mm cartridge, how much forcing cone would be left after lengthening the chamber?
2nd if no moon clips are being used for the 40S&W as sold, then the rear of the cylinder may require cutting to use moon clips to be able to utilize either or for headspacing.

Personally I'd stick to the Glock 29 with an aftermarket 10mm bbl and a 40S&W conversion bbl...